While we are all familiar with the cannabinoids THC and CBD, there are many other plant compounds found in the Cannabis plant that may work together with these cannabinoids to produce the overall effects you experience when consuming cannabis.
The entourage effect is a theory that different compounds in cannabis work synergistically to create uniquely beneficial effects. By taking the cannabis compounds together as whole-plant extracts rather than alone, there’s an increased likelihood that the product will produce benefits. These other compounds, such as Terpenes, Flavonoids, and other cannabinoids, will work together to create the most beneficial therapeutic and mind-altering effects we associate with cannabis. Their unique combinations of terpenes and cannabinoids (along with other active ingredients in the plant) likely create this effect. This may explain why two strains with the same THC% content may have different outcomes.
Based on a the results of a 1998 study where researchers found that the activity of certain endocannabinoids (cannabinoids produced by our bodies) like 2-AG and anandamide was increased by the presence of other ‘inactive’ metabolites and related molecules.
Since cannabinoids are similar to endocannabinoids, and since both endocannabinoids and cannabinoids produce effects via the endocannabinoid system, the entourage effect suggests the same forces may be at play whenever you consume cannabis.
To illustrate the entourage effect in cannabis, let’s work with the two compounds you’re likely familiar with: THC and CBD. In a 2010 study, patients with cancer pain received either a pure THC extract or an extract containing near-equal levels of THC and CBD—patients receiving the THC/CBD combo reported having less pain.
Cannabis includes over 600 different molecules; some 140 are called cannabinoids because they work on our body’s endocannabinoid system. In addition to THC and CBD, it also produces other cannabinoids like CBN, CBC, CBG, and dozens more—as well as terpenes. These magical compounds of this magical plant work in relationship with one another to enhance the many benefits of cannabis.